"Le Praxinoscope-Théâtre d'Émile Reynaud, Paris", 1878 onwards

With 8 ½-inch (22 cm) diameter lacquered metal drum, mirrors, candle-holder, original shade and labels, in mahogany case with viewing window and card proscenium, wd. 9 ½ in. (25 cm). With all 20 strips and 10 stage sets among to other things: no. 1: interior, no. 2: circus, no. 3: landscape, no. 4: snow, no. 5: rare mirror for the "Nageuse"/female swimmer, no. 6: forest. Excellent original condition. – An improvement of the zoetrope, Émile Reynaud’s praxinoscope used a series mirrors with prism-like effect to create moving images without the typical 'flicker' associated with 'persistence of vision' devices. – Literature: Brian Coe, "The History of Movie Photography", p. 35. – An unusually complete and well-preserved example of an early pre-cinema toy.

布雷克拍品等级是为了方便竞买人判断拍卖品的成色而设置的。布雷克等级用1到6级来标注外观和功能的成色，(从非常好到非常差)。 在目录图册里用括号里的2个数字来表示，前一个数字表示外观成色的级别，后一个数字表示功能成色的级别。如(3/2)表示外观成色是3(满意的)，功能成色2(好)。 成色 定义参照下列标准： 1 - 非常好 (未使用过，没有使用痕迹) 2 - 好 (新，极少的使用痕迹) 3 - 满意的 (普通的使用痕迹) 4 - 及格的 (明显的使用痕迹，某个非主要部件是后配的) 5 - 有缺陷的 (极明显的使用痕迹, 某个主要部件是后配的，功能上有缺陷，需要修理) 6 - 非常差 (严重破损, 缺少重要部件)