Le "Pascal" and 4 other Early French Amateur Cameras, c. 1898-19

1) Japy Frères & Co., France. No. 10257, for 4 cm wide rollfilm with 12 exposures of 40 x 55 mm, spring motor with winding via film transport, meniscus lens, film counter, leather-covered metal / wood housing with brass fittings, sector shutter LPR working (with assistance), clockwork motor not working. The first spring-driven rollfilm camera, rare and a milestone in camera technology. - Literature: Michel Auer, "Cameras Yesterday and Today", p. 129. (3-/3-) - 2) J. Fetter, Paris. Fetter folding camera, c. 1910, for 6 x 9 cm, shutter working, lock and other small internal parts missing on back. (4/4) - 3) Guiot & Cie, Le Franceville, box camera, c. 1908, for single plates of 4 x 4 cm, meniscus optics, with inset cassette, Jougla plate box with 8 negatives (six exposures) and copying frame. (4/-) - 4) "Le Franceville" magazine camera, c. 1910, for 6 x 9 cm, with 6 inserts. (3-/4) - And: 5) L'Epatant card box camera, c. 1905, for single plate of 6 x 8 cm, with gilt name on the reverse. This previously unrecorded model is usually found with 45 x 45 mm plates. (4/4)

布雷克拍品等级是为了方便竞买人判断拍卖品的成色而设置的。布雷克等级用1到6级来标注外观和功能的成色，(从非常好到非常差)。 在目录图册里用括号里的2个数字来表示，前一个数字表示外观成色的级别，后一个数字表示功能成色的级别。如(3/2)表示外观成色是3(满意的)，功能成色2(好)。 成色 定义参照下列标准： 1 - 非常好 (未使用过，没有使用痕迹) 2 - 好 (新，极少的使用痕迹) 3 - 满意的 (普通的使用痕迹) 4 - 及格的 (明显的使用痕迹，某个非主要部件是后配的) 5 - 有缺陷的 (极明显的使用痕迹, 某个主要部件是后配的，功能上有缺陷，需要修理) 6 - 非常差 (严重破损, 缺少重要部件)